1. Solvent in Paints and Coatings

Major uses for Diethylene Glycol include as a solvent in the paint, coatings, and ink industries. Low volatility and hygroscopic properties make it useful in improvements in the flow and stability of water-borne paints and coatings. DEG ensures even spreading, enhancing the overall finish by preventing early drying, reducing shrinkage, and promoting better adhesion.

2. Plasticizer in Polymer Production

DEG finds extensive application in the manufacture of polymers and resins, most importantly for polyurethanes and unsaturated polyester resins. These work to enhance flexibility, toughness, and processability in such industries. Its presence in the formulation of polyurethane is notably important in the manufacture of flexible foams, adhesives, and elastomers.

3. Humectant in Personal Care and Cosmetics

DEG is used as a humectant in personal care products and cosmetics. It conveys moisture from the environment to itself and helps in retaining water in various formulations such as lotions, creams, and shampoos. This, in turn, helps the skin and hair to stay well hydrated. Moreover, the mild nature of DEG allows the maintaining of formulation stability over some time without appreciable degradation.

4. Chemical Intermediate for Polyurethane and Polyester Production

Diethylene Glycol is also a very crucial chemical intermediate in the manufacture of polyurethane and polyester. In the manufacture of polyurethane foam, DEG combines with diisocyanates to yield flexible and rigid foams. Its application in the manufacture of polyester products is that it reacts with the dicarboxylic acids to form polyester resins, which find application in textiles, coatings, and fibers.

5. Heat Transfer Fluids and Coolants

The heat-absorbing and transferring properties of DEG are very important in the formulation of heat-transfer fluids. It finds major applications in industrial coolants, antifreeze formulations, and de-icing fluids for aircraft. In such formulations, it provides thermal stability, prevents freezing, and improves the efficiency of the systems where such fluids exchange heat.

6. Dehydrating Agent in Natural Gas

DEG is used as a dehydrating agent in the natural gas industry. The chemical is utilized to remove moisture from the natural gas during production and processing. It has a very high degree of effectiveness in preventing or inhibiting the formation of hydrates, which block pipelines and damage equipment since it is highly hygroscopic. This improves the safety and efficiency of the gas transmission and distribution systems.

7. Production of Plasticizers for Paper and Textile

DEG plays an important role in the manufacture of plasticizers for paper and textile industries. The addition to paper and textile formulations improves flexibility, strength, and abrasion resistance. In the textile industry, lubricants using it permit easier processing with less damage to the fibers.

8. Component in Hydraulic Fluids and Brake Fluids

DEG finds very important applications in hydraulic fluids and brake fluids. With a high boiling point and due to its hygroscopic nature, it is ideal in the formulation of fluids that maintain consistent performance under a wide range of temperatures and pressures. These characteristics improve the overall stability and reliability of automotive brake systems.

9. Lubricants and Cutting Fluids

Diethylene Glycol is utilized as a base in lubricants and in cutting fluids for metalworking and machining. It reduces friction, dissipates heat, and provides for smooth machinery operation. DEG is chemically stable and, hence, offers a long performance even under the most severe operating conditions.

10. Resin Production and Industrial Chemical

DEG participates in the production of resins, among which are alkyd resins, which play a fundamental role in the formulation of coatings, enamels, and varnishes of an industrial character. The use of resin production increases durability, gloss, and resistance to chemicals and elements in coatings.

Production Process

Diethylene glycol (DEG) isn’t typically produced as a separate product, but rather as a byproduct during the manufacturing process of its close chemical cousin, mono-ethylene glycol (MEG). Here’s a breakdown of the typical production process for DEG:

Ethylene Oxidation:

It is manufactured by the oxidation of ethylene gas at high temperatures, about 300°C, in the presence of a silver oxide catalyst. The result of this reaction is to convert the ethylene to ethylene oxide.

Ethylene Oxide Hydration:

The succeeding step consists of water reacting with ethylene oxide. Hydration can either be carried out in a liquid or a vapor phase. Under the right conditions, although at various reactions, some amount of DEG, and MEG-which is the desired product TEG as by-products are yielded.

Separation:

The product mixture, after the hydration process, includes MEG, DEG, TEG, and unreacted water, among other by-products. A series of distillation columns are used that separate such components based on their distinct boiling point differences. DEG has a higher boiling point than that of MEG but is lower than that of TEG; thus, it can be fractionally separated.

SAFETY TIPS of DEG

Diethylene glycol (DEG) is a useful industrial chemical, but it’s also toxic and can cause serious health problems if not handled properly. Here are some crucial safety tips to remember when working with DEG:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

• Wear chemical-resistant gloves: Wear gloves specifically designed for handling Diethylene glycol to prevent skin contact. Nitrile or butyl rubber gloves are generally recommended.
• Eye protection: Wear safety glasses or a chemical splash goggle to protect your eyes from splashes or mists of DEG.
• Respiratory protection: If there’s a chance of inhaling DEG vapors or aerosols, wear a respirator with organic vapor cartridges approved for DEG.
• Clothing: Wear long sleeves and pants made of a chemical-resistant material to minimize skin exposure.

General Handling Practices:

• Always work in a well-ventilated area: Ensure adequate ventilation to prevent DEG vapor buildup. Fume hoods are ideal for working with DEG.
• Never eat, drink, or smoke while handling Diethylene glycol: Avoid any actions that could lead to DEG ingestion.
• Minimize skin contact: Wear appropriate PPE and avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact with DEG.
• Wash thoroughly after handling: Wash your hands and any exposed skin with soap and water after working with Diethylene glycol.
• Proper storage: Store Diethylene glycol in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place in properly labeled and sealed containers. Keep it away from heat sources and incompatible materials.
• Be aware of the signs and symptoms of Diethylene glycol poisoning: These can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, kidney failure, and liver failure. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of these symptoms.

Packing

Diethylene glycol packaging varies based on quantity, transport mode, and grade. Here’s a concise rundown:

Small quantities:

Jerrycans (up to 25L) or plastic drums (up to 200L) made of HDPE plastic are common.

Larger quantities:

IBC tanks (200L to 1000L) of metal or composite materials, or tanker trucks (bulk transport) are used.

Key points:

• Material compatibility with Diethylene glycol is crucial (e.g., HDPE plastic, stainless steel).
• Inner liners might be used for high-purity grades.
• Clear labeling with product info and safety pictograms is mandatory.

Why Choose ZÜMRÜT International Kimya Co. for Diethylene Glycol?

At ZÜMRÜT International Kimya Co., we provide a diverse range of high-quality Diethylene Glycol grades to meet the demands of various industries. Our commitment to quality and safety ensures that you receive the best product for your specific application.

For more information or to make a purchase, contact ZÜMRÜT International Kimya Co. today and let us help you select the ideal Diethylene Glycol grade for your industrial, technical, or pharmaceutical needs.

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (DEG)