Diethylene Glycol Description

Diethylene glycol (DEG) is a versatile chemical in the glycol family, bridging the gap between common solvents and high-performance industrial intermediates. With the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O₃ and CAS number 111-46-6, this straight-chain diol (CH₂OHCH₂OCH₂CH₂OH) appears as a clear, colorless, and nearly odorless liquid at room temperature. Its hygroscopic properties make it excellent for moisture control, while its ether linkage provides enhanced thermal stability over monoethylene glycol.

Produced as a co-product of ethylene oxide hydrolysis, alongside monoethylene glycol and triethylene glycol, DEG is widely used in resins, antifreeze, plastics, and industrial chemical manufacturing. Sourcing high-purity diethylene glycol ensures consistent quality, scalability, and reliable supply for global industrial operations.

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Physical and Chemical Properties of Diethylene Glycol (DEG)

DEG’s appeal lies in its practical, performance-driven properties. Key attributes include:

• Appearance: Clear, water-white liquid for easy quality verification.

• Odor: Virtually odorless, suitable for sensitive applications.

• Density/Specific Gravity (20°C): 1.118 g/cm³.

• Boiling Point: 245°C, ideal for high-temperature processes.

• Freezing Point: -10.5°C, supporting low-temperature stability.

• Viscosity (20°C): 35.7 mPa·s for improved film-forming and coating performance.

• Solubility: Fully miscible in water, alcohols, and organic solvents.

• pH (100% solution): 6.0–7.5, mildly acidic for broad compatibility.

• Flash Point (closed cup): 154°C, enhancing safety in flammable-adjacent processes.

• Chemical Stability: Hygroscopic, low volatility, and long-term storage stable.

These properties make DEG an excellent choice for industrial coolants, polyester resins, plastics, and coatings, optimizing production efficiency while reducing waste.

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Applications and Uses of DEG

Diethylene glycol is a multifunctional industrial chemical used across a wide spectrum of applications. Its higher boiling point, viscosity, and solvency compared to monoethylene glycol make it ideal for processes requiring stability and durability.

• Solvent in Paints, Coatings, and Inks: Dissolves resins, controls viscosity, and improves surface finish for durable coatings.

• Humectant in Cosmetics and Tobacco: Maintains moisture in creams, lotions, and tobacco products, extending shelf life.

• Chemical Intermediate for Polyester Resins and Polyurethanes: Essential for unsaturated polyester resins, fiberglass composites, and flexible polyurethane foams.

• Plasticizers and Esters: Softens PVC and other polymers, enhancing flexibility for cables, flooring, and packaging.

• Antifreeze and Coolants: Provides thermal stability for industrial machinery and HVAC systems.

• Deicing Fluids: Lowers freezing points in aviation and runway applications.

• Textiles and Fabric Finishing: Improves dye uptake, softness, and fabric hand-feel.

• Gas Dehydration: Removes water from natural gas streams to prevent hydrate formation in pipelines.

• Lubricants, Adhesives, and Sealants: Stabilizes synthetic lubricants and enhances adhesion in adhesives.

For even broader thermal tolerance, DEG is often blended with monoethylene glycol to produce hybrid coolants optimized for performance and cost-efficiency.

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Handling, Storage, and Transportation of Diethylene Glycol

Safe handling and storage of DEG are essential due to its toxicity via ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Proper precautions ensure uninterrupted industrial operations:

• Handling Precautions: Wear nitrile gloves, goggles, and respirators; work in ventilated areas; avoid vapors from heating; wash thoroughly after contact.

• Storage Recommendations: Store in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers in cool (15–25°C), dry, ventilated spaces. Protect from moisture, oxidizers, and acids.

• Transportation Protocols: Classified as non-hazardous (UN 3082 for marine eco-risks). Ship in clean, dry tanks with spill kits; secure against leaks and vibrations. Load up to 23 tons per 20-foot container following IMO standards.

These measures safeguard personnel, protect product integrity, and ensure consistent supply from port to plant.

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Packing Details and Container Loading for Diethylene Glycol

Diethylene glycol can be supplied in flexible packaging formats to meet bulk or smaller-volume needs:

• Bulk Shipments: ISO tanks or seagoing vessels carrying 22–23 tons per 20-foot container, with heating options for high-viscosity handling.

• Intermediate Volumes: Flexitanks, road tankers, or 1,000 L IBCs (20 units, ~20 tons per 20-foot container) for mid-scale distribution.

• Smaller/Custom Solutions: 220 kg HDPE or steel drums (80–90 units, ~17.6–19.8 tons per 20-foot container) for trials or regional deliveries.

Proper packing ensures product stability, shipping efficiency, and regulatory compliance, simplifying logistics and reducing costs.

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (DEG)