Supplier of Sulfuric Acid From Turkey and Dubai UAE

Sulfuric Acid
Table of Content

Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), historically known as oil of vitriol, is the world’s most widely used industrial chemical. This dense, highly corrosive mineral acid earned its title as the “king of chemicals” through its indispensable role across modern manufacturing. From phosphate fertilizer production to lead-acid battery electrolyte formulation, strong acid applications drive the global industry.

Whether you’re a procurement manager sourcing technical-grade H₂SO₄ or a chemical engineer optimizing contact process operations, this guide delivers essential technical data, safety protocols, and commercial specifications for your sulfuric acid requirements.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Sulfuric Acid

Understanding this diprotic acid’s characteristics ensures safe industrial deployment. Below are the definitive technical specifications:

Property Specification Notes
Chemical Formula H₂SO₄ Molecular structure: H-O-S(=O)₂-O-H
Molar Mass 98.08 g/mol Standard analytical value
Appearance Colorless to pale yellow, oily liquid Color deepens with impurities
Density 1.84 g/cm³ at 20°C (concentrated) ACS reagent grade
Melting Point 10°C (pure), 3°C (98% solution) Freezing point considerations for storage
Boiling Point 337°C (98.3% azeotrope) Decomposes above 340°C
pH Value <1.0 (0.5M solution) Highly acidic
Solubility Miscible with water (highly exothermic) Always add acid to water
Viscosity 24 cP at 25°C Oily consistency
Reactivity Strong dehydrating agent and oxidizer Reacts violently with water, metals, bases

These properties make H₂SO₄ essential for chemical synthesis, pH control, and industrial processes requiring a robust acid catalyst.

Industrial Grades and Types of Sulfuric Acid

Different applications demand specific concentrations and purity levels. Selecting the correct grade optimizes performance and cost-efficiency.

Battery Grade (36-37% concentration)

Specifically formulated for lead-acid battery electrolyte, this grade meets ASTM D1364 standards for automotive and industrial batteries. Low impurity levels prevent plate sulfation and extend battery life.

Technical Grade (93-98% concentration)

The workhorse of industrial chemical manufacturing, technical grade sulfuric acid serves wastewater treatment, metal pickling, and general chemical processing. This versatile grade balances purity with economy for large-scale operations.

Chemically Pure (CP) Grade

99.9% purity for pharmaceutical synthesis, analytical laboratories, and semiconductor manufacturing. Meets ACS reagent specifications with tightly controlled impurity profiles.

Oleum (Fuming Sulfuric Acid)

Contains 20-65% free SO₃, creating an extremely corrosive liquid with powerful sulfonating properties. Essential for nitration reactions, dye manufacturing, and specialized chemical synthesis requiring enhanced dehydrating agent capabilities.

Diluted Solutions (Custom Concentrations)

Pre-blended H₂SO₄ solutions at 10%, 25%, or 50% concentrations for precise pH adjustment applications. Eliminates on-site dilution hazards and ensures batch consistency.

Major Applications and Industrial Uses

Sulfuric acid’s reactive properties enable diverse manufacturing processes across eight critical industries:

Fertilizer Manufacturing: The Largest Consumer

Approximately 65% of global H₂SO₄ production supports phosphate fertilizer production. The strong acid reacts with phosphate rock to produce phosphoric acid, which is subsequently manufactured into Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) and Diammonium Phosphate (DAP). This single application consumes over 200 million tons annually.

Battery Industry: Energy Storage Foundation

As the primary electrolyte in lead-acid batteries, sulfuric acid enables the electrochemical reaction that powers automotive starting, lighting, and ignition systems. Battery grade Sulphuric Acid concentration is precisely controlled at 1.28 specific gravity for optimal performance.

Petroleum Refining: Fuel Quality Enhancement

Alkylation units consume technical-grade acid to produce high-octane gasoline components. The corrosive liquid acts as an acid catalyst to combine isobutane with olefins, removing impurities and improving fuel stability.

Metal Processing & Mining: Extraction and Purification

Heap leaching operations use H₂SO₄ to dissolve copper, nickel, and zinc from ore bodies. Metal pickling processes remove oxide scales from steel surfaces, preparing them for galvanization or coating.

Chemical Manufacturing: Building Block Industries

This industrial chemical serves as the foundation for producing:

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) via salt reaction

  • Nitric acid is produced through the contact process

  • Synthetic detergents and dyes

  • Explosives and pharmaceutical intermediates

These processes often require neutralization with Caustic Soda Flakes for final pH adjustment.

Pulp & Paper: Process Control

pH regulation during pulp digestion ensures optimal fiber quality and bleaching efficiency. The dehydrating agent properties also assist in removing water from paper coatings.

Water Treatment: Neutralization and Precipitation

Municipal and industrial wastewater facilities use Sulphuric Acid to neutralize alkaline streams and precipitate heavy metals. Precise dosing prevents environmental discharge violations.

Textile & Dye Manufacturing: Catalytic Processing

Acid catalyst functionalities enable dye fixation and fiber modification. Sulfuric acid controls pH during batch dyeing operations, ensuring color consistency and fastness.

Handling, Storage, and Safety Compliance

As an extremely corrosive liquid with UN1830 classification, sulfuric acid demands rigorous safety protocols per OSHA and EPA guidelines.

Storage Requirements

  • Containers: HDPE drums, Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs), or ISO tanks with corrosion-resistant linings

  • Environment: Cool, ventilated areas below 35°C; separate from water sources and incompatible materials

  • Secondary Containment: Diked areas with 110% capacity for spill prevention

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Mandatory chemical handling safety gear includes:
  • Chemical-resistant gloves (neoprene or butyl rubber)
  • Safety goggles with a face shield
  • Acid-resistant apron or full encapsulated suit for bulk operations
  • Respirator with acid gas cartridge in poorly ventilated areas

Spill Response and Neutralization

Immediately contain spills using absorbent materials. Neutralization reactions with lime (calcium hydroxide) or sodium bicarbonate generate heat; add the neutralizing agent slowly. Dispose of the resulting salts as hazardous waste in accordance with local regulations.

Emergency First Aid

  • Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush with water for 15+ minutes

  • Eye Contact: Irrigate eyes at the eyewash station for 15+ minutes minimum

  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately

  • Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting; give water if conscious

  • Medical Attention: ALWAYS required after significant exposure

Packaging and Bulk Supply Options

Flexible packaging configurations accommodate operations from laboratory scale to international bulk shipments.

Standard Packaging Configurations

  • 30-250 kg HDPE drums: Ideal for small-batch chemical synthesis and pilot plants

  • 1,000-liter IBCs: Medium-scale manufacturing and storage; UN-certified for transport

  • ISO tank containers: 20-25 metric ton capacity for efficient international shipping

  • Custom packaging: Available for specialized concentrations or contract manufacturing

Container Loading Specifications

A standard 20-foot shipping container accommodates:

  • Drums: 80 drums (200 kg each) = 16 metric tons

  • IBCs: 18 IBCs (1,000L each) = 18-20 metric tons

  • Totes: Flexible intermediate bulk containers up to 22 tons

All packaging meets UN1830 hazardous material regulations with proper labeling and documentation for global delivery.

Environmental and Regulatory Compliance

Key Regulations

  • OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200: Hazard Communication Standard

  • EPA 40 CFR 261: Hazardous waste management

  • DOT 49 CFR: Transportation under UN1830 classification

  • REACH Compliance: EU chemical registration requirements

Sustainable Practices

Modern contact process facilities implement double-contact double-absorption (DCDA) technology, achieving 99.9% conversion efficiency. Spent acid regeneration reduces waste and conserves resources.

Procurement and Technical Support

Ready to Order? Our chemical supply specialists provide:

  • Minimum Order Quantity: 1 IBC (1,000L)

  • Technical grade, battery grade, and custom H₂SO₄ formulations

  • 24-hour quotation response

  • SDS documentation and regulatory support

  • Global shipping coordination

Contact our industrial chemical team for volume pricing, specification sheets, and logistics planning.

Technical Data Sheet of Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄)

Property Units Limit Result Test method
H2SO4 Min %w/w 96 98 ISIRI 210
Fe Max ppm 60 9.26 ISIRI 210
As Max ppm 40 0.80 ISIRI 210
Non-volatile Material. Max %w/w 0.05 0.001 ISIRI 210

Sulfuric Acid

Technical Data Sheets of Sulfuric Acid (For Download TDS Click Here)